Brendan Kelly Ph.D.

Brendan Kelly is Professor Emeritus at the University of Toronto. He is author of over 50 books including the recent "Intelligence, IQ & Perception", and "Intelligence: Where we Were, Where we Are & Where we’re Going." He holds two doctorate degrees: a Ph.D. in Mathematics (Number Theory) from U. of T. and an Ed.D. in Computer Applications from the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, and he curates his site on Quora titled, “IQ & Intelligence.”

What is fluid intelligence? How does it differ and what is it used for? In comparison to regular intelligence.

In the 1940’s, Raymond B. Cattell attempted to create “culture-free” tests of intelligence. Believing that IQ tests contain implicit biases in favor of particular cultures, he sought to partition intelligence into two components–fluid and crystallized. He described fluid intelligence as “a capacity to perceive relations and educe correlates.” In essence, this is the capacity for …

What is fluid intelligence? How does it differ and what is it used for? In comparison to regular intelligence. Read More »

Do constant thinkers generally have higher IQ’s?

There is probably no numerical data connecting constant thinkers and IQ, because the term “constant thinker” is not easily quantified. IQ is certainly closely connected to what someone thinks about, rather than how much they think. Socrates is reputed to have said “Strong minds discuss ideas, average minds discuss events, weak minds discuss people.” However, …

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What makes you aware that a person is either “high IQ”, “very high IQ” or “genius”, while you are talking, staying, or working with him/her?

It’s very difficult to assess someone’s intelligence during a brief meeting, but the longer you share conversation with that person, the more accurate will be your assessment. Here are some characteristics I have found in the very high IQ people I’ve met although these are, of course, generalizations that will have some counterexamples. High IQ …

What makes you aware that a person is either “high IQ”, “very high IQ” or “genius”, while you are talking, staying, or working with him/her? Read More »

Do you think politicians should have to have very high IQ scores in order to become elected?

I don’t think we should set a minimum IQ score as a qualification for public service because IQ measures only a component of intelligence. Intelligence is a complex entity that includes interpersonal skills (emotional intelligence), moral strength (dealing with adversaries outside the country) and personal characteristics such as integrity and empathy. Fortunately, studies of American …

Do you think politicians should have to have very high IQ scores in order to become elected? Read More »

I have an average IQ, but apparently have a ‘verbal IQ’ of 134. What does this mean for me and where my abilities lie?

First, we’ll provide a little background on IQ tests: In 1955, American psychologist David Wechsler published an intelligence test that became known as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). He defined intelligence as “the global capacity of a person to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment.” To measure this …

I have an average IQ, but apparently have a ‘verbal IQ’ of 134. What does this mean for me and where my abilities lie? Read More »

What does it mean when a child has a verbal IQ of 133, a performance IQ of 104, and a full scale IQ of 121?

First, we’ll provide a little background on IQ tests: In 1955, American psychologist David Wechsler published an intelligence test that became known as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). He defined intelligence as “the global capacity of a person to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment.” To measure this …

What does it mean when a child has a verbal IQ of 133, a performance IQ of 104, and a full scale IQ of 121? Read More »

Is there a positive relationship between IQ and salary? If yes, is there a causal link?

There is a positive correlation between IQ and income, but the correlation coefficient is much less than 1, so the relationship is not causal. If the relationship were strictly causal, anyone with a higher IQ would earn a greater salary than someone of lower IQ. However, there are many university professors of very high IQ, …

Is there a positive relationship between IQ and salary? If yes, is there a causal link? Read More »

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